ࡱ> HJG5@ 1bjbj22 "BXX)0 ,$ 0jD * * * * iii$RN>7ei7* * ;LKKK* * KKKa:,* 8 ׋`^ j b0 +008i}K iii77004A 004A server-side language is one whose code is meant to run on the server which holds the page content; the opposite is a client-side language, which is run on the computer of the user viewing the content. The main advantage of server-side languages is that they are almost always more powerful. Why? Mostly because they're not relying on the capabilities of an unknown system that could be anything from a 286 to a dual P4. More specifically, it doesn't rely on the interpretation of that language by the browser; because it will always run on the server, the programmer can test it and know exactly what it will do. Common examples of server-side languages are PHP and Perl. The main advantage of client-side languages is that they can interact with the user in realtime without making another call to the server. This is open source .. No licensing cost to pay.. Provide Gui with Command Prompt Using SQLYOG and supports the administration using Mysql Admin,Mysql Query Browser Two-tier architecture is a client/server architecture, where a request to do some task is sent to the server and the server responds by performing the task.where as a three-tier or a multi tier architecture has client, server and database. Where the client request is sent to the server and the server in turn sends the request to the database. The database sends backthe information/data required to the server which inturn sends it to the client. PHP is an "HTML-embedded scripting language" primarily used for dynamic Web applications. The first part of this definition means that PHP code can be interspersed with HTML, making it simple to generate dynamic pieces of Web pages on the fly. As a scripting language, PHP code requires the presence of the PHP processor. PHP code is normally run in  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_syntax.htm" plain-text scripts that will only run on PHP-enabled computers (conversely programming languages can create standalone binary executable files, a.k.a. programs). PHP takes most of its syntax from C, Java, and Perl. It is an open source technology and runs on most operating systems and with most Web servers. PHP was written in the C programming language by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 for use in monitoring his online resume and related personal information. For this reason, PHP originally stood for "Personal Home Page". Lerdorf combined PHP with his own Form Interpreter, releasing the combination publicly as PHP/FI (generally referred to as PHP 2.0) on June 8, 1995. Two programmers, Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, rebuilt PHP's core, releasing the updated result as PHP/FI 2 in 1997. The acronym was formally changed to PHP: HyperText Preprocessor, at this time. (This is an example of a recursive acronym: where the acronym itself is in its own definition.) In 1998, PHP 3 was released, which was the first widely used version. PHP 4 was released in May 2000, with a new core, known as the Zend Engine 1.0. PHP 4 featured improved speed and reliability over PHP 3. In terms of features, PHP 4 added references, the HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/data_structures_php_other.htm" \l "booleans"  Boolean type, COM support on Windows,  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/web_output_buffering.htm" output buffering, many new  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/data_structures_php_arrays.htm" array functions, expanded  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/oop_php.htm" object-oriented programming, inclusion of the  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/strings_regex_pcre.htm" PCRE library, and more. Maintenance releases of PHP 4 are still available, primarily for security updates.  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_images/php_history_1.png" \o "Click to see the full view of NuSphere's PhpEd's MySQL wizard"  PHP 5 was released in July 2004, with the updated Zend Engine 2.0. Among the many new features in PHP 5 are: improved  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/oop_php.htm" object-oriented programming embedded  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/databases_sqlite.htm" SQLite support for new  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/databases_mysql.htm" MySQL features (see the image at right)  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/errors_php_exceptions.htm" exception handling using a try..catch structure integrated  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/web_services_soap.htm" SOAP support (see the image at right) the  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/security_php_filter.htm" Filter library (in PHP 5.1) better  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/web_services_xml.htm" XML tools iterators and much, much more. PHP is a programming language primarily used for making dynamic Web applications through server-side scripting.  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_history.htm" Created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, PHP is now managed by a large collaboration of world-wide developers. It has become the world's most popular technology for dynamic Web pages (alternatives are ASP.NET, JSP, ColdFusion, and CGI scripting), but it can be used for  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/server_command_line_php.htm" command-line scripting (and even desktop applications) as well. PHP benefits from a  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_syntax.htm" simple syntax, making it easy to learn for even the non-programmer. At the same time, what can be accomplished usig PHP is virtually limitless, making it a powerful tool for the most seasoned, demanding developer. PHP code can be written in a  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_examples.htm" procedural or  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_tutorial.htm" \l "oop_php#oop_php" object oriented manner, or by using a hybrid of the two methods. Because PHP is an open-source technology, it can be  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_tutorial.htm" \l "install_php#install_php" installed and used at no cost. The easiest and fastest way to get started with PHP is to  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/download.php.ide.htm" download the free trial of a PHP Integrated Development Environment like  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/phped.htm" NuSphere's PhpED, which greatly facilitates development and debugging. Installing and Configuring Apache with PHP  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_images/php_tutorial_2.png" \o "Click for full image." To make PHP-driven dynamic Web pages available to the public, a Web server, such as  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/library/apache.htm" Apache, must be  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/install_php.htm" installed and configured to support PHP. (However, scripts can be developed and tested in  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/phped.htm" NuSphere's PhpED without a Web server; you can also perform  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/server_command_line_php.htm" command-line scripting without one.) PHP works with all major Web servers, including Microsoft's IIS, but Apache is the most popular Web server, and PHP the most popular  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/library/apache.htm" Apache module.  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/install_php.htm" Installing and configuring Apache with PHP is not difficult, although version changes in both technologies can complicate the process. Note, again, that you can skip this installation process by just using  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/phped.htm" NuSphere's PhpED, if making your Web pages available to the outside world from your computer is not required. After installing  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/products/library/apache.htm" Apache and PHP on a server, you should  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/install_php_test.htm" test and confirm its successful installation. Running a phpinfo() script (see the figure) accomplishes just that, shows you how PHP is configured, and more. Knowing how PHP is configured and how to  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/install_configure_php.htm" change PHP's configuration is rudimentary step in developing your Web applications. (To be clear, configuring Apache to recognize PHP is part of the installation process; configuring PHP is a separate issue.) PHP developers may want to change the PHP configuration in order to...  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_tutorial.htm" \l "security_php#security_php" tighten security improve performance  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/php_tutorial.htm" \l "error_php#error_php" adjust error handling and reporting enable additional features and more HTML is a stateless technology, therefore a Web site, as a series of HTML pages, is also stateless. This means that each interaction between the user (i.e., the Web browser) and the server is a separate interaction, with no relationship to any other interactions. When a user is viewing  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com" http://www.nusphere.com, then clicks on a link to go to  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/download.php.ide.htm" http://www.nusphere.com/download.php.ide.htm, those are two separate and unrelated occurrences. This all might sound strange for unseasoned Web developers but it's important to understand. In order to provide to the end user a seamless interaction, like the ability to log into and access areas of a site, you must workaround the stateless environment. PHP provides two different state management techniques for overcoming the problems inherent in the stateless Web. The first of these is the  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/state_php_cookies.htm" cookie. A cookie is a bit of information sent by a server to the Web browser, where it resides. When the Web browser goes to any subsequent page in that same domain, it provides to the server access to this same cookie. It's a simple and easy-to-implement option. Cookies, though, are limited as to how much information they can store and there are  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/security_state.htm" \l "cookies" security implications involved. The second PHP state management technique is the  HYPERLINK "http://www.nusphere.com/php/state_php_sessions.htm" session. A session stores all of the data on the server. For this reason, sessions can be more versatile and secure than cookies. The biggest potential problem with sessions is that they rely upon a session ID: an identifier that points to each unique set of session data. 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